题目

Employee 表包含所有员工信息，每个员工有其对应的Id, salary 和 department Id。

Id	Name	Salary	DepartmentId
1	Joe	70000	1
2	Jim	90000	1
3	Henry	80000	2
4	Sam	60000	2
5	Max	90000	1

Department表包含公司所有部门的信息。

Id	Name
1	IT
2	Sales

编写一个 SQL 查询，找出每个部门工资最高的员工。对于上述表，您的 SQL 查询应返回以下行（行的顺序无关紧要）。

Department	Employee	Salary
IT	Max	90000
IT	Jim	90000
Sales	Henry	80000

解释：
Max 和 Jim 在 IT 部门的工资都是最高的，Henry 在销售部的工资最高。

题解

SELECT `Department`.`Name` AS `Department`, `Employee`.`Name` AS `Employee`, `Employee`.`Salary` AS `Salary`
FROM `Employee`
         INNER JOIN (
    SELECT MAX(`Salary`) AS `Salary`, `DepartmentId` FROM `Employee` GROUP BY `DepartmentId`
) `t` ON `t`.`DepartmentId` = `Employee`.`DepartmentId` AND `Employee`.`Salary` = `t`.`Salary`
         INNER JOIN `Department` ON `t`.`DepartmentId` = `Department`.`Id`