题目
Trie (发音类似 "try")或者说 前缀树 是一种树形数据结构,用于高效地存储和检索字符串数据集中的键。这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景,例如自动补全和拼写检查。
请你实现 Trie 类:
Trie()初始化前缀树对象。void insert(String word)向前缀树中插入字符串word。boolean search(String word)如果字符串word在前缀树中,返回true(即,在检索之前已经插入);否则,返回false。boolean startsWith(String prefix)如果之前已经插入的字符串word的前缀之一为prefix,返回true;否则,返回false。
示例:
输入
["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
[[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
输出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]
解释
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 返回 True
trie.search("app"); // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 返回 True1
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提示:
1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000word和prefix仅由小写英文字母组成insert、search和startsWith调用次数 总计 不超过3 * 104 次
题解
java
class Trie {
Trie[] children;
boolean isLeaf;
public Trie() {
this.children = new Trie[26];
}
/**
* Inserts a word into the trie.
*/
public void insert(String word) {
Trie node = this;
for (char c : word.toCharArray()) {
node = node.doInsert(index(c));
}
node.setLeaf();
}
/**
* Returns if the word is in the trie.
*/
public boolean search(String word) {
Trie trie = this.doStartWith(word);
return trie != null && trie.isLeaf;
}
/**
* Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix.
*/
public boolean startsWith(String prefix) {
return this.doStartWith(prefix) != null;
}
protected Trie doStartWith(String prefix) {
Trie node = this;
for (char c : prefix.toCharArray()) {
node = node.child(index(c));
if (node == null) {
return null;
}
}
return node;
}
protected Trie doInsert(int index) {
Trie child = this.child(index);
if (child != null) {
return child;
}
Trie trie = new Trie();
this.children[index] = trie;
return trie;
}
protected Trie child(int index) {
return this.children[index];
}
protected static int index(char c) {
return c - 'a';
}
protected void setLeaf() {
this.isLeaf = true;
}
}1
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